A hygrometer measures relative humidity in air. Atoms of different elements with the same neutron number are isotopes. The moon's movement origin is selenology. Satellites orbit Earth due to centripetal force, using silver iodide in rain. The pancreas is the second largest human gland. Vitamin B12 deficiency causes pernicious anemia. Lichen forms from algae and fungi in mutualism. HIV weakens immunity by destroying lymphocytes. Read More

Sohrai painting, an indigenous Jharkhand mural art linked to harvest, features matriarchal traditions and natural pigments. Kumbh Mela, a sacred pilgrimage held every 12 years, was UNESCO-recognized in 2017, with the 2025 event in Prayagraj showcasing cultural heritage. DDoS attacks overwhelm systems using botnets, posing detection challenges, mitigated by risk assessments and traffic differentiation. Read More

Scientists express concern over increasing space debris, predicting it could become Earth's biggest crisis. The first satellite contact occurred in 1957, with debris now totaling 8,000 tons in orbit. Space junk, including non-functional satellites and collision fragments, poses dangers to operational satellites and spacecraft. Mitigation efforts, like ESA’s Clean Space Initiative and ISRO’s debris removal, aim to address this growing threat. Read More

The "Success in UPSC-CSE: Tips, Tricks, and Triumphs" book, released in January 2025, guides aspirants through the prestigious UPSC Civil Services Exam. With 14-15 lakh applicants competing for 1,000-odd vacancies, it offers practical strategies to handle unpredictability, emphasizing syllabus mastery, positive mindset, and step-by-step preparation for a successful career. Read More

The UN Plastics Treaty aims to end plastic pollution, including marine environments, with a legally binding agreement by 2024. Initiated in 2022, negotiations have faced challenges, with the fifth INC in Busan, South Korea, involving 170 nations failing to meet its mandate. The treaty addresses environmental crises, health risks, and climate change, despite opposition and high costs of plastic alternatives. Read More

Urbanization in India drives population shifts and societal changes, fueled by rural-to-urban migration due to employment and lifestyle opportunities. However, post-liberalization urban development faces economic growth challenges, with weak municipal finances and inadequate infrastructure. The government aims to transform cities into sustainable hubs, addressing funding shortfalls of ?70 lakh crore by 2036 through policy reforms and private sector involvement. Read More

Beijing's Yizhuang district witnessed a groundbreaking event as 21 humanoid robots competed alongside thousands of human runners in a half-marathon. The "Tiangong Ultra" robot, developed by China's National and Local Co-built Embodied AI Robotics Innovation Center, completed the 21 km course in 2 hours and 40 minutes. This event showcased China's advancements in robotics and AI, highlighting the potential for humanoid robots in real-world scenarios. Read More

The Union Ministry of Culture and the International Buddhist Confederation hosted the inaugural Asian Buddhist Summit in New Delhi on November 5-6, 2024. Themed "Role of Buddha Dhamma in Strengthening Asia," it aligned with India’s Act East and Neighbourhood First Policy. The summit focused on Buddhist art, heritage, holy relics, scientific research, and philosophy, adopting the Delhi Declaration to promote Buddhist principles for sustainable development. Read More

Ashtalakshmi Mahotsav 2024, held from 6th to 8th December in New Delhi, was a three-day cultural festival organized by the Union Ministry of Development of North-East Region. Featuring Purvi as its mascot, it showcased Northeast India’s heritage, technical sessions on women’s leadership, IT, energy, and healthcare, and business promotion through investor roundtables and buyer-seller meets. Read More

The India Maritime Heritage Conclave (IMHC) 2024, held by the Union Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways on December 11-12, 2024, in Lothal, focused on India’s maritime history. The event highlighted technological evolution, cultural exchanges, and heritage preservation. It aimed to showcase India’s maritime legacy, trace global cultural confluence, and promote sustainable inland waterway transport through the ‘Jalvahak Scheme’. Read More